Pharmaceutical Regulatory Affairs and IPR

This was a descriptive and cross sectional study conducted from May to August 2015 to determine the antibacterial activity of Lawsonia inermis (Henna) leaves extract against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa among recurrent urinary tract infection patients. A total of 100 urine samples were collected and inoculated on to Cystine Lactose Electrolyte Deficiency (CLED) media and identified by conventional method. 32 (32%) out of 100 investigated samples showed bacterial growth. Out of 32 isolated bacteria, 4 were Staphylococcus aureus (12.5%), 16 Escherichia coli (50%) and 3 Pseudomonas aeruginosa (9.4%). The reminder 9 (28%) were other bacteria. The antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed using standard disk diffusion method. The results showed that all S. aureus isolates were resistant to penicillin, 2 (50%) were susceptible to oxacillin while 2 (50%) were oxacillin resistance. Susceptible E. coli were 12 (75%), (88%) showed resistance to Nalidixic acid followed by Ceftriaxone (81%), Ciprofloxacin (75%) and Gentamicin (69%). P. aeruginosa susceptibility results showed high resistance to Nalidixic acid (100%) followed by Gentamicin (67%), Ceftriaxone (33%) and was susceptible to Ciprofloxacin. The antibacterial activity of Lawsonia inermis water and methanol leaves extract against selected organisms and standards was performed at different concentrations using the agar dilution method. Methanol extract of Lawsonia inermis showed antibacterial activity against S. aureus, S. aureus ATCC29213, E. coli, E. coli ATCC25922, P. aeruginosa and P. aeruginosa ATCC27853 also water extract showed antibacterial activity against all strains except E. coli and E. coli ATCC25922. The MIC of Henna methanol and water extracts obtained by agar diffusion method for S. aureus isolates were 12.5 mg/ml and 25 mg/ml, P. aeruginosa isolates were 6.25 mg/ml and 12.5 mg/ml respectively, E. coli isolates was 25 mg/ml in methanol but resistance to water extract. Gas chromatography analysis revealed that L. inermis has 51 chemical compounds, 30 of them have antibacterial activity